Appropriate water quality is essential for human life in almost every aspect. Following this importance the InterUniversitary Collaboration Centre for Water and Health (ICC Water and Health) was recently established between the Vienna University of Technology and the Medical University of Vienna. The goal of the ICC Water and Health is to conduct collaborative research on an international quality level by taking the leadership role at the national context. Research topics are i) development and application of new molecular biomarkers for water quality analysis, ii) microbial ecology of selected indicators and pathogens, iii) microbial safety management in respect to the protection of water resources, treatment, disinfection and distribution, and iv) modelling and development of models to predict the distribution/transport and associated risk of health related microbes in water resources.